Morning Air in Delhi Most Toxic This Winter: Residents Face Serious Health Risk

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New Delhi: A new pollution trend has emerged in the national capital this winter, raising alarms for residents’ health. Analysis from think tank EnviroCatalyst shows that the highest PM2.5 levels between 1–18 November 2025 occurred from 6 a.m. to 9 a.m., coinciding with the time when children head to school and adults commute to offices.

Morning Pollution Peaks

During the 6–9 a.m. window, PM2.5 levels reached 278 µg/m³, the highest for any three-hour period of the day. The second most polluted period was 3–6 a.m., when levels hovered around 275 µg/m³. Traditionally, the worst pollution levels occurred late at night from 9 p.m. to 12 a.m., but this winter shows a distinct shift toward morning hours, when exposure is likely higher due to outdoor activities.

Historical Comparison

Data analysis from November 2021 to November 2024 indicates that the morning spike is unusual. In 2022, the most polluted hours were also in the early morning, but in 2023 and 2024, the peak occurred between 12 a.m. and 3 a.m., a time when most people are indoors and less exposed. This year, the 6–9 a.m. spike is particularly concerning because it affects school children and daily commuters.

Reasons Behind Morning Pollution Surge

EnviroCatalyst founder Sunil Dahiya explained that several factors may contribute to increased morning pollution:

• Weak wind speeds in the early hours
• High vehicular traffic during morning commutes
• Dust from street cleaning and construction activities

This combination creates a dangerous exposure window, necessitating reconsideration of school and office timings to reduce health risks.

Health Implications

Persistent exposure to high PM2.5 levels can lead to respiratory problems, cardiovascular issues, and reduced lung function, especially among children, the elderly, and individuals with pre-existing conditions. Experts advise limiting outdoor activity during early mornings and using protective measures such as masks and air purifiers indoors.